How should a vessel under sail interact with a vessel under power according to the Rules?

A vessel under sail is typically considered the stand-on vessel when interacting with a vessel under power, as long as it is not being overtaken by the powered vessel. This is because the sailing vessel has limitations on its maneuverability due to its reliance on wind and sail for propulsion. According to the Rules of the Road, the power-driven vessel generally must take action to avoid a collision with the sailing vessel when the two are on intersecting paths.

In scenarios where the sailing vessel has the right of way, the powered vessel must give way. This means it is the responsibility of the powered vessel to take the necessary actions to avoid a collision, making the sailing vessel the stand-on vessel. It's important to note that if the sailing vessel is overtaken, it becomes the give-way vessel.

Understanding this interaction is essential for safe navigation and helps ensure that vessels safely coexist, especially in congested waterways where both sailboats and powered vessels frequently operate. The framework established by the Rules provides clarity on which vessel has priority, aiming to prevent accidents and promote safe passage on the water.